E-Commerce Glossary 3

E Supply Chain The application of information systems collaboratively by the members of supply chain (companies, their suppliers and business partners) to achieve synergy in supply chain operations and streamline B2B processes is referred to as esupply chain.

E Voting It is a process in which citizens cast their votes electronically. Advanced evoting systems complete the whole range of voting process including registration of voters, verification of the voters' details, maintaining voters' records, counting votes cast and reporting the final results to the concerned authorities.

Extensible Markup Language (XML) It is a markup language (like HTML) that can be used to create, store and exchange information between two systems. However, unlike HTML, XML does not allow web pages to be displayed.

Extranet Extranet is a network that connects the company to its suppliers, customers and other channel partners and provides them access to some of its corporate resources.

Eye Detection Technology It is a biometric technology that analyses retina or iris of a person to establish his identity. However, retina recognition is used only in high security application because of the inconvenience caused to individuals in the process.

FAQ Page It lists various queries made by customers in the past and the corresponding responses of the company's representative.

Finger Geometry This is a biometric technique that seeks to verify individuals' identity by observing the fingers rather than hands.

Finger Print Recognition This biometric technique analyzes various features of fingers like position of pores and distance between ridges to recognize individuals and is used widely in financial transactions, network security and controlling movement of individuals in enterprises.

Firewall It is a combination of hardware and software components that is located between an organization's private network and the external network.

Four Ts of Database Marketing The processes of database marketing such as Targeting, Tailoring, Tying and tapping are referred to as four Ts of Database marketing (similar to four Ps of traditional marketing).

Gatekeeping It is a strategy adopted by companies to restrict the choices available to customers and exercise control over their purchasing patterns.

Gateway It refers to a computer which acts as an interface between two or more networks and facilitates the passing of packets from one network to another.

General and Administrative Products They are the products that are not expensive but are purchased frequently by an organization. The products include books, paper, pen, furniture and other office supplies.

Gigabit Ethernet It is used to connect different computers in Local Area Network (LAN) and facilitate speedier transmission of data and information.

GIS (Geographic Information System) It is an information system that extracts information from remote sensing satellites and facilitates accurate topological mapping of various regions.

Global Knowledge Exchanges They facilitate communication and information sharing among knowledge workers across the globe via the Internet. They formed the third phase in the evolution of e marketplace.

Global Value Trust Networks They act as a hub for integration of people, businesses, technology and products and services and form the fourth phase of evolution of e marketplace.

Graphical User Interface (GUI) It is a program that takes advantage of computer's graphic capabilities to enable users to work with a new interface without learning complex command languages.

Group Memory It is a location in which all the processes such as collaboration, organizing, searching and subscription are integrated.

Hand Geometry It is a biometric technique used to establish an identity of a person by taking a three dimensional image of the hand and recording the shape, width and length of fingers and knuckles.

Host This is a device on a network which provides information or a communication service.

I mode Technology It is an advanced technology over WAP that offers web browsing and email access through mobile phones. It was introduced in Japan in 1999 by NTT DoCoMo.

Infomediaries The e commerce sites that offer only information and not products and services are known as infomediaries.

Information Kiosks They provide information regarding various products and services offered by a company.

Inside Money Inside money is in the form of instruments which can be redeemed for cash, accepted for buying goods and services, etc. There are different forms of inside monies like transit coupons, casino chips, stadium cards, paper money for amusement parks, etc.

Integrated Services Digital Networks (ISDN) These networks facilitates transmission of data and voice through the same line and is used widely in multimedia applications.

Intellectual Property Like people who owns physical property, the right to own the creativity and innovation also rests with the people. Intellectual property allows a person to exercise this right.

Intelligent Supply Chains They are the advanced form of supply chains that keep fine tuning the weak links in the supply chain continuously, depending on the changing market conditions to get competitive advantage over others.

Interactive Page It allows customers to discuss problems (online) among themselves and with the company's representatives.

Inter enterprise Integration It is a process in which organizations integrate their operations and strategies with that of their trading partners, suppliers and customers.

Internet Protocol (IP) Telephony Technology This technology facilitates voice phone calls to be routed through Internet or other packet switched networks. This is done with the help of PC based software, gateway applications, and standard telephones.

Internet Protocol It facilitates the movement of packets of data from node to node and identifies the destination address with the help of IP number.

Internet Various networks (such as LAN, VLAN and WAN) interconnected across the globe using TCP/IP constitute Internet.

Intranet It is a private network developed by an organization by connecting its LANs and WANs using web technologies.

Joint Electronic Payment Initiative (JEPI) This is a multi industry project initiated to develop an Internet payment negotiation protocol. The aim of this project is to enable transparency and complete interoperability between different payment protocols that are being used over the internet and which are incompatible to each other. This project was started by CommerceNet and W3 Consortium.

56 kbps Analog Modem It converts the analog data that comes across the transmission lines to a digital form which can be understood by the computer hardware. Similarly, it converts digital data into analog data for transmitting data.

Keystroke Dynamics This biometric technique establishes a person's identity based on how he types, by observing features like the time for which keys are held down, typing speed and the way in which password is entered.

Knowledge Management It refers to a process in which advanced information systems are deployed in organizations to capture the knowledge and disseminate it so as to be leveraged by employees to achieve organizational objectives.

Knowledge base Page It helps customers access corporate databases and systems.

Knowledge Knowledge is a fluid mix of framed experience, values, contextual information, and expert insight that provides a framework for evaluating and incorporating new experiences and information. It develops and resides in the minds of individuals and needs to be applied by them.

LAN LAN is a computer network that connects systems spread across a small geographical area.

Legacy Systems The outdated information systems in the organization which often fail to integrate with advanced systems are referred to as legacy systems.

Leveraging Relationships It is a strategy in which companies build and develop relationship with customers and leverage it to sell more products to them.

Markup It is a set of instructions embedded in a document to identify the structure of a document or the format in which it is to appear.

Middleware It is an application that acts as a mediator between two distinct systems.

Millicent This is a pay ahead coupon system, which uses vendor specific digital scrips for money transactions.

Mobile Application Enablers (MAEs) They provide various services including billing and payment, data and transaction security, data synchronization, systems implementation & application integration and mobile strategy consulting.

Mobile Application Platform (MAP) It offers a software platform for extending a company's business critical applications to its mobile sales, service and workforce.

Mobile Application Service Providers (MASPs) They act as a mediator between web portal and wireless networks and offer translation services that enable web content to be viewed by users of wireless devices. They provide connectivity and hosting services that form the base on which business automation and productivity applications function.

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