HTML XML





Although HTML has proved to be very useful as a means of marking up documents for use over the Web, a document marked up in HTML tells us very little about the content. For any document to be useful in a business situation the user should know about the document's content. If a document contains details about its contents then it is possible to perform generalized processing and retrieval upon that file with ease. SGML fulfills this requirement of carrying information about a document', however, since it is such a complex language it has never really achieved the popularity that HTML has.
As an example of why carrying information about the data to be stored can be useful on the Web, consider the following scenario. Imagine you have database containing a library of books marked up in HTML, stored on a Web server. If you want to find a book by a certain author, you have to download the whole record set then search through all the records comprehensively. On the other hand, imagine that your library has been marked up with tags that hold information about the data. For instance, you used tag to indicate the name of the author, tag to indicate the name of the book, and so on. You would then be able to send a request to the server for just the relevant part of the document that you need, rather than the document as a whole. This would result in smaller and faster searches and less network traffic.
Think about the possibilities. If you could mark up all your documents in tags which described their contents, contact details could have then tags such as , and , catalogue could use tags such as and . This was possible with SGML, which was never Widely used, and now it is possible with XML.
XML was developed, when World Wide Web Consortium decided to develop a subset of SGML that would retain SGML's major virtues while at the same time embracing Web ethic of simplicity. They decided to give the new language the catchy name Extensible Markup Language (XML). XML got the name Extensible Markup Language because it is not a fixed format like HTML. While HTML is limited to (a fixed set of tags that the author can use, XML users can create their own tags or tags created by others), which actually relate to their content.
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