Using Conditional Statements

If...Then ... Else statement
Select Case statement

Making Decisions Using If .. Then ... Else

The If ... Then ... Else statement is used to evaluate whether a condition is True or False and, depending on the result, to specify one or more statements to run. Usually the condition is an expression that uses a comparison operator to compare one value or variable with another. For information about comparison operators, see Comparison Operators. If ... Then ... Else statements can be nested to as many levels as you need.

Running Statements If a Condition Is True

To run only one statement when a condition is True, use the singleline syntax for the If ... Then ... Else statement. The following example shows the single line syntax. Notice that this example omits the Else keyword.

Sub FixDate()
Dim myDate
myDate = #2/13/95#
If myDate < Now Then myDate = Now End Sub

To run more than one line of code, you must use the multiple line (or ) block) syntax. This syntax includes the End If statement, as shown in the following example:

Sub AlertUser(value)
If value 0 Then
AlartLabal.ForeColor = vbRed
AlertLabel.Font.Bold = True
AlertLabel.Font.Italic = True
End If
End Sub

Running Certain Statements if a Condition is True and Running Others If a Condition is False

You can use an If ... Then ... Else statement to define two blocks of executable statements: one block to run if the condition is True, the other block to run if the condition is False.

Sub AlertUser(value)
If value = 0 Then
AlertLabel.ForeColor = vbRed
AlertLabel.Font.Bold = True
AlertLabel.Font.Italic = True
Else
AlertLabel.Forecolor = vbBlack
AlertLabel.Font.Bold = False
AlertLabel.Font.Italic False
End If
End Sub

Deciding Between Several Alternatives

A variation on the If ... Then ... Else statement allows you to choose from several alternatives. Adding Elself clauses expands the functionality of the lf...Then ... Else statement so you can control program flow based on different possibilities. For example: Sub ReportValue(value)

If value 0 Then
MsgBox value
ElseIf value = 1 Then
MsgBox value
ElseIf value = 2 then
Msgbox value
Else
End I f
Msgbox "Value out of range!"

You can add as many Elself clauses as you need to provide alternative choices. Extensive use of the Elself clauses' often becomes cumbersome. A better way to choose between several alternatives is the Select Case statement.

Making Decisions with Select Case

The Select Case structure provides an alternative to If Then ... Elself for selectively executing one block of statements from among multiple blocks of statements. A Select Case statement provides capability similar to the If ... Then ... Else statement, but it makes code more efficient and readable.

A Select Case structure works with a single test expression that is evaluated once, at the top of the structure. The result of the expression is then compared with the values for each Case in the structure. If there is a match, the block of statements associated with that Case is executed:

Select Case
Document.Forml.CardType.Options(Selecte dIndex).Text
Case "MasterCard"
DisplayMCLogo
ValidateMCAccount
Case "Visa"
DisplayVisaLogo
ValidateVisaAccount
Case "American Express"
DisplayAMEXCOLogo
ValidateAMEXCOAccount
Case Else
DisplayUnknownImage
PromptAgain
End Select

Notice that the Select Case structure evaluates an expression once at the top of the structure. In contrast, the If ... Then ... Elself structure can evaluate a different expression for each Elself statement. You can replace an If ... Then ... Elself structure with a Select Case structure only if each Elself statement evaluates the same expression.

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